Evaluating the Radiopacity Characteristic of Removable Denture Bases in Diagnostic Imaging with the Addition of Iodine to Heat-Cured Acrylic Resin

Abdulsalam Ahmed Elmadani; Nidal Wanis Elshereksi; Nagham Ibrahim Ali; Sharefah Hussin Abdulsalam

doi:10.33214/vdqe8v91

Authors

Abdulsalam Ahmed Elmadani Department of Dental Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Misurata, Libya Author
Nidal Wanis Elshereksi Department of Dental Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Misurata, Libya Author
Nagham Ibrahim Ali Department of Dental Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Misurata, Libya Author
Sharefah Hussin Abdulsalam Department of Dental Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Misurata, Libya Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33214/vdqe8v91

Keywords:

Dentures, Acrylic resin, Iodine, Radiopacity

Abstract

Abstract

Problem Statement: Acrylic removable dentures are difficult to diagnose and differentiate using conventional radiological techniques (such as X-rays) due to the material's low radiodensity, making it difficult to detect in cases of ingestion or tissue loss. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of adding iodine compounds to heat-cured acrylic at various concentrations to improve its radioactivity, potentially facilitating detection in diagnostic imaging. Materials and Methods: This study used conventional heat-cured acrylic and an iodine solution. Twenty-five acrylic resin samples were prepared, including five control samples (without additives) and 20 samples modified with iodine, five samples for each concentration (1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, and 4.0% by weight).

The radiopacity of the samples was evaluated after exposure to radiation using a diagnostic X-ray machine. The radiographs of the samples were then examined using ImageJ/1.46r software. A hardness test was also performed on the samples, with three readings taken for each sample and the average calculated. Results: The results showed no significant change in the radiographic properties of the acrylic. This may be due to the low iodine concentration and the low percentage of acrylic added. The lack of impact on hardness indicates that the additive did not affect the acrylic polymerization process. However, adding the iodine solution improved opacity by over 25%. Conclusion: Improving dentures to be more radioactive depends primarily on the quantities and concentrations of the additives, especially if they are liquid. This may facilitate diagnosis in emergency cases and reduce complications resulting from the inability to locate them.

REFERENCES

Agrawal, D., Lahiri, T.K., Parmar, A. & Sharma, S. (2012). Swallowed partial dentures. Indian Journal of Dental Sciences, 4, 7-12.

Aljubori, O. M., Aljafery, A. M. A., Al-Mussawi, R. M. (2020). Evaluation of the Linear Dimensional Changes and Hardness of Gypsum Product - Stone Type IV after Adding Silica Nanoparticles. Nano Biomedical Engineering, 12, 227-231.

Al-Moraissi, E. A., Al-Wadeai, M., Al-Sanabani, F., & Al-Kholani, A. (2020). Imaging findings of swallowed dentures: a case series. Oral Radiology, 36(2), 123–130.

Carrodeguas, R.G., Lasa, B.V. & Barrio, J. S. R. (2004). Injectable acrylic bone cements for vertebroplasty with improved properties. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, 68B, 94-104.

Czajkowska, M., Walejewska, E., Zadrozny, L., Wieczorek, M., Swieszkowski, W., Wagner, L, et al. (2020). Comparison of Dental Stone Models and Their 3D Printed Acrylic Replicas for the Accuracy and Mechanical Properties. Materials, 13, 1-10.

Davy, K. W. M., Anseau, M. R. & Berry, C. (1997). lodinated methacrylate copolymers as X-ray opaque denture base acrylics. Journal of Dentistry, 25(6), 499-505.

Dimitrova, M., Corsalini, M., Kazakova. R., Vlahova, A., Chuchulska, B., Barile, G., Capodiferro, S., Kazakov, S. (2022). Comparison between conventional PMMA and 3D printed resins for denture bases: A narrative review. Journal of Composites Science, 6(3), 87-100.

Elshereks, N. W., Mohamed, S. H., Arifin, A., Ishak, Z. A. (2016). Evaluation of the mechanical and radiopacity properties of poly (methyl methacrylate)/barium titanate -denture base composites. Polymers and Polymer Composites, 24(5), 365-374.

Garoushi, S., Vallittu, P., Lassila, L. (2019). Mechanical properties and radiopacity of flowable fiber-reinforced composite. Dental Materials Journal, 38, 196–202.

Gündoğdu, C., & Akgül, S. (2023). Radiopacity evaluation of different types of resin restorative materials using a digital radiography system. Oral Radiology, 39, 646–653.

He, J., Soderling, E., Lassila, L. V., & Vallittu, P. K. (2012). Incorporation of an antibacterial and radiopaque monomer in to dental resin system. Dental Materials, 28(8), e110-e117.

He, J., Söderling, E., Lassila, L. V. J., & Vallittu, P.K. (2015). Preparation of antibacterial and radio-opaque dental resin with new polymerizable quaternary ammonium monomer, Dental Materials, 31, 575–582.

He, J., Vallittu, P. K., Lassila, L. V. (2017). Preparation and characterization of high radio-opaque E-glass fiber-reinforced composite with iodine containing methacrylate monomer. Dental Materials, 33, 218–225.

He, J., Lassila, L., Garoushi, S., Vallittu, P. (2023). Tailoring the monomers to overcome the shortcomings of current dental resin composites - review. Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry, 10(1),1-19.

Issa S. A. M. Effective atomic number and mass attenuation coefficient of PbO-BaO-B2O3 glass system. (2016). Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 120, 33–37.

Kopuz, D., & Erçin, Ö. (2024). The radiographic evaluation of 11 different resin composites. Odontology,112, 428–434.

Liang, X., Yu, B., Ye, L., Lin, D., Zhang, W., Zhong, H-J., & He, J. (2024). Recent Advances in Quaternary Ammonium Monomers for Dental Applications. Materials,17(2), 345-365.

Mathew, M., Shenoy, K., & Ravishankar, K. S. (2014). Vickers hardness and specific wear resistance of E-glass reinforced poly methyl methacrylate. International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, 5(6), 652-656.

Pawar, E. A review article on acrylic PMMA. (2016). IOSR Journal of Mechanical Civil Engineering, 13(2), 1-4.

Rangreez, T. A., & Mobin, R. (2019). Polymer composites for dental fillings, In: Applications of Nanocomposite Materials in Dentistry, Eds Asiri, A. M., & Mohammad, I. A. Ch, 13, Woodhead Publishing, 205-224.

Smith, A., & Jones, B. (2019). Cervical oesophagus impacted partial denture: A case report. Journal of Laryngology & Otology, 133(5), 456–459.

Vojdani, M., Bagheri, R., & Khaledi, A. A. R. (2012). Effects of aluminum oxide addition on the flexural strength, surface hardness, and roughness of heat-polymerized acrylic resin. Journal of Dental Science, 7(3), 238-244.

Yildirim, D., Ermis, R. B., Gormez, O., & Yildiz, G. (2014). Comparison of radiopacities of different flowable resin composites. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, 2, 21–25.

Young, B.C. (2010). A comparison of polymeric denture base materials, [M.Sc. Thesis], University of Glasgow, UK.