Plagiarism and Text Similarity Policy

All submitted manuscripts are screened for text similarity using Turnitin. The overall similarity score should not exceed 20%, and similarity attributed to any single source should not exceed 5%.

Manuscripts exceeding either limit may be returned to the authors for revision before further consideration.

Similarity reports are evaluated by the editorial team, as similarity percentages alone do not establish plagiarism. The assessment considers the nature and sources of matching text, appropriate citations, quotations, references, methodological descriptions, and other legitimate similarities.

Manuscripts containing substantial unattributed material or confirmed plagiarism may be rejected, regardless of the overall similarity score.